Why do eggplant leaves dry
Eggplant belongs to the nightshade family. They love warmth and die in freezing conditions. Before disembarking, you should understand the causes of possible diseases. Consider why eggplant leaves dry and how to avoid such a problem?
Why do eggplants dry in a greenhouse
If dryness manifests itself even in the greenhouse, the reason is an insufficient amount of trace elements. The soil is not fertilized, dries up and poorly moisturized.
Nitrogen stimulates the growth of eggplant. This element is responsible for the normal development of vegetable crops. And with a lack of it, even if you water it correctly, give normal lighting and maintain the right temperature in the greenhouse, the lower part of the bush will wither and dry out. It is necessary to immediately replenish the nitrogen deficiency, and the seedlings will acquire a healthy look.
Why do eggplants dry in the garden
After transplanting from a greenhouse into open ground, the leaves of eggplant seedlings dry very often. This is normal. This is how the seedlings respond to stress. This phenomenon is especially observed with a sharp change in temperature. The second reason why the leaves of eggplant seedlings dry out is improper care of the sprouts in the initial stage of development. If you take good care of it in the future, the green and healthy look will return to the plants.
If the eggplants dry at a later stage, then it is due to improper care or disease. Improper care includes:
- violation of crop rotation;
- lack of lighting;
- poor feeding;
- hypothermia;
- lack of air;
- temperature changes;
- violation of the irrigation regime.
It is very important not to disturb the crop rotation and follow the rules of consistent planting. This will help to avoid poor plant development. All essential nutrients will be retained in the soil.
Prolonged exposure to the sun also causes dryness. Ultraviolet light promotes the breakdown of chlorophyll. It is this element that allows plants to breathe, promotes photosynthesis. The top cover is sunburned. At first it looks like yellow specks. Then it can go to complete drying. Therefore, you need to pay attention to how the beds are located in the field or in the greenhouse. To avoid burns, you can shade the windows in the room or arrange the beds in another way. Can be covered with paper or cloth during the hottest period from 12 noon to 3 pm.
Types of leaf deformation and methods of struggle
Deformation can manifest itself in different ways. One of the types of deformation is its wilting. This is the first signal before yellowing and further dryness.
Usually this phenomenon occurs on a bright sunny day, and later in the evening the bush can fully recover. If there is a musty smell from the ground, the soil is overly moist. It is necessary to dry it by skipping the next watering and loosen the ground near the bush. If this happened in a greenhouse with seedlings, before planting them in a permanent place, then you can simply transfer the eggplants to another box and add new dry soil.
The leaves are the first to take the hit from the temperature difference. From this, they can wither, lose their elasticity, go in spots, and later turn yellow and dry. To avoid this in the greenhouse, it is necessary to raise the seedling pots higher. Approximately 20 cm from the ground. To prevent this from happening in the open field, you should maintain the required timing of transplanting seedlings or sowing seeds.
For a successful harvest, you must not overcool the plant.
The same conditions apply to hypothermia. Often, if not hardened correctly, deformation occurs. Before the procedure, it is imperative to water the seedlings. Seedlings do not like cold water. You need to water it with heated water. Otherwise, the sheet may curl, begin to dry and die.
Another type of deformation is the appearance of black spots before the sprout dries completely. This causes a condition called Blackfoot. Seedlings are removed completely. The remaining healthy seedlings are covered with ash. This will pull excess water out of the soil. Subsequently, the Previkura remedy is introduced.
Diseases
The eggplant culture is susceptible to fungal and viral diseases, which also sometimes lead to its drying out. Such diseases include:
- fusarium and gray rot;
- speckled, cucumber or tobacco mosaic;
- verticillosis;
- late blight.
Fusarium and gray rot
Fusarium is one of the most unpleasant fungal diseases. The microorganism lives in the ground and infects weak plants. It often enters the ground along with poorly processed seeds. Fungi grow from the spores and penetrate into plants that were injured during transplantation or caring for them. Sick plantings differ from healthy ones in their appearance:
- lagging behind in development;
- a brown coating appears on the stem and on its cut;
- pinkish roots;
- pink tint of the root part of the stem;
- yellowed, dried leaves along the edges with light veins;
- cotyledonous leaves are twisted into tubes.
Gray rot is characterized by a bloom of white. At first it is fluffy, then it turns gray. The bush is dying.
Late blight
From late blight, first brown spots appear on the lower leaves. The whole plant is sick: both leaves, and stems, and fruits, if they have already appeared. Gradually everything turns black.
Vertizillosis
The fungus Verticillium causes the disease vertizillosis. This is manifested by yellowing, dryness and dropping of the upper cover. At first, the affected areas become variegated, the veins turn yellow. Then the disease takes over all vegetative parts. They begin to twist into a spiral, dryness and fall off. Lesions are similar to boiling water burns. If you make a cut, you can see that the stem has turned brown inside.
Methods for combating viral and fungal diseases
To destroy the fungus, you need to use special store products: Quadris, Antrakol, Consult.
Phytosporin and radomid work well. These are more radical remedies. After processing, the result should be expected 20-25 days.
Speckled, cucumber or tobacco mosaics are viral diseases. So that they do not appear, you need to follow the principles of crop rotation, weed well and remove plant residues between the beds. The wrong watering temperature can also cause these diseases. Therefore, it is important to follow the recommendations for watering, air and soil temperatures.
There is only one way to deal with vertizillosis. Diseased seedlings or plants are burned. In no case should the residues be thrown into the compost, so that the entire compost pit does not become contaminated and other vegetables are contaminated in the future.
You need to transplant healthy vegetables to another place. If this is a seedling, then a new, cultivated box of soil. Carry out subsequent treatment with fungicides. Such as Previkur, Rovral or Topsin.
Prophylaxis
In order to avoid yellowing of leaves or fruits, they should be treated with any of the types of bacterial bio-fungicides beforehand. This is done 10 days after disembarkation. And a week before harvest.
Also, in order to avoid putrefactive processes in the roots and stems, you need to regularly and well ventilate the greenhouse, pinch and weed the bushes.
Conclusion
Errors in care provoke dry leaves. It is necessary to adhere to strict recommendations when preparing seed material for planting, as well as when caring for a plant at all stages of growth, and a healthy harvest is guaranteed.